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Table 1 Statutory pension ages and gender pay/earning gaps

From: Barriers and facilitators to extended working lives in Europe: a gender focus

Country

Statutory pension age males (females)a

Gender pay gapb, c (%)

The average gender overall earning gapd, e (%)

Austria

65 (60)

22.9

46.7

Belgium

65

9.9

35.9

Bulgaria

64 years 4 months (61 years 4 months)

13.4

22.9

Croatia

65 (61 years 3 months)

15.4

23

Cyprus

65

6.5

33.7

Czech Republic

62 years 10 months (58–62)

22.1

41

Denmark

65 (67)

15.8

26.5

Estonia

63 (62 years 6 months)

28.3

32.2

Finland

63–68 (65)

18

27

France

65

15.3

32.9

Germany

65 years 3 months

21.6

45.3

Greece

67

15f

45.2f

Hungary

62 years 6 months

15.1

32.7

Iceland

67g

18.7

32.8

Ireland

66

14.4

34.7

Italy

66 years 3 months (63 years 9 months)

7.3

4.3

Latvia

62 years 6 months

15.2

16.1

Lichtenstein

64h

18i

j

Lithuania

63 years 2 months (61 years 4 months)

14.8

12.3

Luxembourg

65

8.6

38.4

Malta

62

4.5

56.3

Netherlands

65 years 3 months

16.2

49.1

Norway

62–75 (67)

14.9

34.4

Poland

65 years 7 months (60 years 7 months)

6.4

29.6

Portugal

66

14.5

27.8

Romania

65 (60)

10.1

29.9

Slovakia

62 (58 years 3–62 months)

21.1

37.5

Slovenia

64 years 4 months

2.9

12.8

Spain

65 years 3 months

18.8

38

Sweden

61–67 (65)

14.6

30.2

UK

65 (62 years 4 months)

18.3

47.6

  1. Sources:
  2. aFinnish Centre for Pensions (2015); http://www.etk.fi/en/the-pension-system-2/the-pension-system/international-comparison/retirement-ages/
  3. bThe gender pay gap is the difference in average gross hourly wage between men and women across the economy (the average gender pay gap in the EU is 16.1% based on the EU 28 provisional data; Ireland 2012 data) (Eurostat, 2013, 2016)
  4. cEurostat (2016); http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Gender_pay_gap_statistics#Further_Eurostat_information
  5. dThe gender overall earning gap is the difference between the average annual earnings between women and men. It takes into account three types of disadvantages women face: lower hourly earnings, working fewer hours in paid jobs and lower employment rates (for example when interrupting a career to take care of children or relatives) (the average gender overall earning gap in the EU is 41.1%) (Eurostat, 2010)
  6. eEuropean commission (2015); http://ec.europa.eu/justice/gender-equality/document/index_en.htm#pay
  7. fEurostat (2010); http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Gender_statistics
  8. gOECD (2015); http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/pensions-at-a-glance-2015/iceland_pension_glance-2015-58-en
  9. hEuropean commission (2015); http://ec.europa.eu/justice/discrimination/files/ad_2014_country_reports/2015-li-country_report_nd_final.pdf
  10. iEuropean commission (2013); http://ec.europa.eu/justice/gender-equality/files/epo_campaign/131218_epo_update_liechtenstein.pdf
  11. jData could not be located for Lichtenstein