Author | Year of publication | Country | Interviewed population | Study setting | Sample size | Study aim | Study design | MMAT score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alberts CJ et al. [19] | 2017 | Netherlands | Parents (mother and father) of female children 13 y.o. | Regional sample | 1257 | To explore the possible impact of ethnicity on the determinants of both HPV vaccination intention and HPV vaccination uptake among parents/guardians having a daughter to whom the HPV vaccination is proposed. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Anagnostou PA et al. [20] | 2017 | Greece | Adolescents (male and female) 12–18 y.o. | National sample | 268 | (1) To develop an instrument to assess knowledge of HPV and its vaccine and utilize this instrument to measure knowledge levels of Greek adolescents in Lyceum schools of Western Thessaloniki; and (2) to examine the associations of the resulting knowledge measure scores with sociodemographic characteristics. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Grandahl M et al. [21] | 2017 | Sweden | Parents (mother and father) of female children 11–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 366 | To examine the association between parents’ refusal and sociodemographic background, knowledge and beliefs about HPV and the HPV vaccination in relation to the Health Belief Model. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Grandahl M et al. [22] | 2017 | Sweden | Adolescents (male and female) 16 y.o. | National sample | 751 | To examine HPV catch-up vaccination status in adolescents in relation to (1) socioeconomic factors, (2) beliefs and knowledge about HPV prevention, and (3) sexual behavior. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Navarro-Illana P et al. [23] | 2017 | Spain | Female adolescents and parents of female children 12–16 | Regional sample | 833 | To describe the drivers associated with HPV vaccination in adolescent girls and their parents’ opinion about the vaccine. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Patel H et al.et al [24] | 2017 | Latvia | Adolescents (male and female) 18 (16–21) y.o. | Regional sample | 121 | To evaluate awareness of HPV and its vaccine among Latvian adolescents. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Vaidakis D et al. [25] | 2017 | Greece | Adolescents (male and female) 17–18 y.o. | National sample | 4507 | To identify sexual behaviour, attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) focused on HPV in the Greek adolescent population. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Balla B et al. [26] | 2016 | Hungary | Female adolescents 18–19 y.o. | Regional sample | 492 | To explore the attitudes towards the HPV vaccine and the knowledge of cervical cancer among senior high-school girls in Budapest. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Borena W et al. [27] | 2016 | Austria | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 9–10 y.o. | National sample | 439 | To assess parental factors associated with decision to let children receive gender-neutral, free of- charge, school-based HPV immunization. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Oddsson K et al. [28] | 2016 | Iceland | Parents (mother and father) of female children 12 y.o. | National sample | 583 | To assess attitude and knowledge among parents or guardians of 12 y.o. girls about HPV, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Schülein S et al. [29] | 2016 | Germany | Female adolescents 9–17 y.o. | National sample | 2,224 | To determine HPV vaccine uptake as well as factors associated with uptake in 9 to 17-year-old girls in Germany during the first year of vaccine availability. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Voidăzan S et al. [30] | 2016 | Romania | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 7–10 y.o. | Regional sample | 918 | To evaluate the level of parental knowledge about HPV infection and HPV vaccination including the information obtained from general practitioners and identification of barriers in implementing a vaccination strategy. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Agorastos T et al. [31] | 2015 | Greece | Mothers of children (male and females) 13 y.o. | National sample | 10,758 | To investigate the possible effect of demographic factors on HPV vaccination acceptance in Greece. | Quantitative non-randomized | 25 |
Firenze A et al. [32] | 2015 | Italy | Female adolescents 15 (13–17) y.o. | Regional sample | 378 | To evaluate knowledge and factors associated with HPV unvaccinated girls after five years of vaccination program implementation in Sicily, an Italian region with low vaccination coverage (< 50.0%). | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Forster A et al. [33] | 2015 | United Kingdom | Female adolescents 15–16 y.o. | Regional sample | 2163 | To explore reasons for being un-/under vaccinated. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
La Torre G et al. [34] | 2015 | Italy | Mothers of female children under and over 18 y.o. | Regional sample | 444 | To evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of Italian mothers—whose daughters had been vaccinated in 2012—towards primary (anti-HPV vaccination) and secondary (Pap test screening) cervical cancer prevention, as well as sources of information and mother-daughter communication on health issues. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Lee Mortensen G et al. [35] | 2015 | UK, France, Germany, and Italy. | Parents (mother & father) of male children 12–17 y.o. | Multinational sample | 1,837 | To examine parental attitudes to HPV vaccination of their sons given brief information about HPV | Mixed Method | 75 |
Maier C et al. [36] | 2015 | Romania | Adolescents (male and female) 16–18 y.o. | Regional sample | 524 | To explore the barriers to HPV vaccination with a view to developing strategies for expanding primary HPV infection prevention. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Navarro-Illana P et al. [37] | 2015 | Spain | Mothers of female children 12–16 y.o. | Regional sample | 833 | To assess knowledge about HPV infection and its vaccine among the mothers of girls and to identify factors associated with the willingness to vaccinate their daughters. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Bianco AS et al. [38] | 2014 | Italy | Parents (mother and father) of male children 10–14 y.o. | National sample | 1021 | To elicit information about parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and acceptability toward HPV infection and vaccination of male adolescents in Italy; to identify subgroups of this population who exhibit poor knowledge about prevention of HPV infection and reveal negative attitudes toward HPV vaccination in relation to their male sons. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Bowyer HL et al. [39] | 2014 | United Kingdom | Female adolescents 16–17 y.o. | Regional sample | 650 | To examine psychosocial predictors of HPV vaccine uptake and the association between vaccine intention and uptake 1 year later in adolescent girls (aged 16–17 years) in England. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Giambi C et al. [40] | 2014 | Italy | Parents (mother and father) of female children 12–14 y.o. | National sample | 1738 | To explore reasons for non-vaccination HPV in Italy. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Mollers M et al. [41] | 2014 | Netherlands | Female adolescents 16–17 y.o. | National sample | 2989 | To explore differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated girls with regards to characteristics such as education, ethnicity, (sexual) risk behaviour and knowledge of HPV. Understanding the features of these two groups could provide insight in future vaccine and screening targeting efforts. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Navarro - Illana P et al. [42] | 2014 | Spain | Female adolescents 15 y.o. | Regional sample | 833 | To assess the knowledge and attitudes of 15-year-old Spanish girls (who were candidates to receive the vaccine) towards HPV infection and the vaccine, and to identify independently associated factors that could potentially be modified by an intervention. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Wegwarth O. et al. [43] | 2014 | Germany | Parents (mother and father) of female children 12–17 y.o. | Regional sample | 225 | To learn how balanced versus unbalanced information about HPV vaccination influences (1) girls’ and parents’ knowledge of the risk of cervical cancer and the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine (both being the basis for informed decisions), (2) their perceived risk of developing cervical cancer without having the HPV vaccine, (3) the intention to have the vaccine, (4) the actual vaccination decision, and (5) the phenomenon of the “knowledge–behavior gap” | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Bowyer HL et al. [44] | 2013 | United Kingdom | Female adolescents 15–16 y.o. | Regional sample | 1033 | To examine knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine, in girls based in London, England, three years after the introduction of routine school-based vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Hofman R et al. [45] | 2013 | Netherlands | Female adolescents 11–14 y.o. | Regional sample | 237 | To evaluate to what extent reading an official information leaflet about HPV contributes to girls’ knowledge levels, and to what extent an increase in knowledge is boosted by a pre-test measurement. | Quantitative randomized controlled | 75 |
Stöker P et al. [46] | 2013 | Germany | Female adolescents 15 (14–18) y.o. | Regional sample | 476 | To assess HPV-vaccination coverage and knowledge among students in Berlin, to identify factors influencing HPV-vaccine uptake. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Sopracordevole F et al. [47] | 2013 | Italy | Adolescents (male and female) 16 (13–20) y.o. | Regional sample | 1105 | To assess the knowledge of teenage girls on HPV infection and vaccination 12 months after the start of a vaccine administration and information campaign. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Tisi G et al. [48] | 2013 | Italy | Parents (mother and father) of male children 11–15 y.o. | Regional sample | 161 | To evaluate the comprehension and acceptance of HPV vaccination in parents of adolescent boys aged 11 to 15 years. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
van Keulen H et al. [49] | 2013 | Netherlands | Female adolescents and Mothers of female adolescents 13–14 y.o. | National sample | 1594 | To examine the social and psychological determinants of the HPV vaccination intentions of girls aged 13 to 16 years and their mothers who were targeted by the Dutch catch-up campaign of 2009. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Forster A et al. [50] | 2012 | United Kingdom | Male adolescents 16–18 y.o. | Regional sample | 528 | To assess boys’ willingness to have HPV vaccination, eliciting reasons for their decisions. | Quantitative randomized controlled | 75 |
Gefenaite G et al. [51] | 2012 | Netherlands | Parents (mother and father) of female children 13–16 y.o. | Regional sample | 609 | To identify the most important determinants of refusing the vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Haesebaert J et al. [52] | 2012 | France | Mothers of female children 14–18 y.o. | Regional sample | 210 | To assess knowledge about cervical cancer, the Pap test and HPV vaccination in 18–65-year-old French women one year after the introduction of the vaccine. The second objective was to assess mothers’ acceptance of HPV vaccination for their 14–18-year-old daughters and determinants of that acceptability. | Mixed Method | 60 |
Marek E et al. [53] | 2012 | Hungary | Adolescents (male and female) 14–19 y.o. | Regional sample | 394 | To explore the impact of a brief, HPV-focused program on adolescents’ knowledge, beliefs and attitudes. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Samkange-Zeeb F et al. [54] | 2012 | Germany | Female adolescents 12–20 y.o. | Regional sample | 632 | To assess awareness of HPV and of vaccination status among girls attending grades 8–13 in Bremen and Bremerhaven, two German cities. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Sopracordevole F et al. [55] | 2012 | Italy | Adolescents (male and female) 16 y.o. | Regional sample | 1105 | To assess teens’ knowledge of HPV infection and vaccination one year after the initiation of the public vaccination programme and information campaign on the disease and the opportunity of vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Balemans R et al. [56] | 2011 | Belgium | Adolescents (male and female) 14-17 y.o. | Regional sample | 186 | To investigate knowledge among adolescents in Antwerp about vaccination and to describe their information sources, motives and barriers for vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Chadenier GMC et al. [57] | 2011 | Italy | Mothers of female children 12 y.o. | Regional sample | 475 | To observe the coverage of the first vaccination campaign in two suburbs of Milan, to assess knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer among mothers of recipients, and to collect opinions of healthcare professionals involved in the organization of the campaign. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Marek E t al [58]. | 2011 | Hungary | Adolescents (male & female) 12-19 y.o. | National sample | 1,769 | To determine factors and motivations affecting the uptake of HPV vaccination among Hungarian adolescents. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Dahlström L et al. [59] | 2010 | Sweden | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 12–15 y.o. | National sample | 20,000 | To examine Swedish parents’ perceptions and concerns about HPV vaccination, their willingness to vaccinate their children against HPV when the vaccine is free or not and correlates of acceptability of the new HPV vaccine. | Quantitative randomized controlled | 100 |
Lee Mortensen G et al. [60] | 2010 | Denmark | Parents (mother and father) of male children 12–15 y.o. | Regional sample | 450 | To assess parental attitudes to HPV vaccination of their sons. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Morison L et al. [61] | 2010 | United Kingdom | Parents (mother and father) of female children 11–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 245 | To evaluate the role of temporal perspective in the formation of attitudes and intentions towards the vaccine. | Mixed Method | 67 |
Pelucchi C et al. [62] | 2010 | Italy | Adolescents (male and female) and parents 14–19 y.o. | Regional sample | 858 and 2331 | To provide data on the knowledge of Italian adolescents and parents concerning HPV infection and its prevention in order to allow the development of adequate training programmes. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Gottvall M et al. [63] | 2009 | Sweden | Adolescents (male and female) 15–16 y.o. | Regional sample | 608 | To investigate knowledge of HPV and attitudes to HPV vaccination and condom use among Swedish first year upper secondary school students. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Höglund A et al. [64] | 2009 | Sweden | Adolescents (male and female) 16 (15–20) y.o. | Regional sample | 459 | To investigate knowledge of and attitudes to sexually transmitted infection (STI) and STI prevention with special focus on HPV and the vaccine against HPV, among 16-year-old high school students in a Swedish context. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Marlow L et al. [65] | 2009 | United Kingdom | Female adolescents 16–19 y.o. | Regional sample | 335 | To assess acceptability of HPV vaccination among female adolescents (16–19 years) and investigate socio-cultural variation in intended acceptance. | Quantitative non-randomized | 100 |
Tozzi A et al .[66] | 2009 | Italy | Mothers of female children 10–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 1,007 | To assess parents’ knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccination and their willingness to have their daughters immunized, and to investigate the roles of the different medical specialists in the immunization strategy as perceived by parents. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
De Visser R et al. [67] | 2008 | United Kingdom | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 12-13 y.o. | Regional sample | 353 | To examine how intentions to vaccinate against HPV are influenced by general beliefs about vaccination, specific beliefs about HPV vaccination, knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer, and beliefs about adolescent sexual behavior. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Lenselink C et al. [68] | 2008 | Netherlands | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 10–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 356 | To determine whether parents would accept HPV vaccination for their children and which variables may influence their decision, including knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Stretch S et al. [69] | 2008 | United Kingdom | Parents (mother and father) of female children 12-13 y.o. | Regional sample | 651 | To assess parental attitudes and information needs in an adolescent HPV vaccination programme | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Brabin L et al. [70] | 2007 | United Kingdom | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 11–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 317 | To investigate parents’ views on making HPV vaccination available to adolescent minors at sexual health clinics without parental consent. | Mixed Method | 100 |
Marlow L et al. [71] | 2007 | United Kingdom | Mothers of female children 11 (8–14) y.o. | Regional sample | 684 | To examine the association between general vaccine attitudes, trust in doctors and the government, past experience with vaccination and acceptance of HPV vaccination. | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |
Marlow L et al. [72] | 2007 | United Kingdom | Mothers of female children 11 (8–14) y.o. | Regional sample | 684 | To determine the acceptability of childhood HPV vaccination and examine demographic, cultural, and psychosocial predictors of vaccine acceptance. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Woodhall S et al. [73] | 2007 | Finland | Adolescents (male and female) and their parents 14–15 y.o. | Regional sample | 1124 | To evaluate acceptance of HPV vaccination by adolescents and their parents. | Quantitative non-randomized | 75 |
Brabin L et al. [12] | 2006 | United Kingdom | Parents (mother and father) of children (male and female) 11–12 y.o. | Regional sample | 317 | To assess parental consent and potential HPV vaccine uptake in eight secondary schools using stratified randomization according to school type and ethnicity | Quantitative non-randomized | 50 |